Physiotherapy services are carried out by providing several treatments according to the patient’s complaints/condition. In practice, after establishing a patient’s diagnosis, physiotherapists will continue with providing intervention and education as part of the physiotherapy care process. Interventions provided by physiotherapists include:

1. Physiotherapy modalities
   • Infrared or infrared rays are the emission of electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 7,700-4 million A which aims to dilate blood vessels so that blood flow and metabolism become smooth, to relax muscles and reduce muscle tension/pain.
   • TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) is electrical stimulation that works by providing impulses to painful nerve fibers with the aim of inhibiting or alleviating pain.
   • Ultrasound is a high frequency sound wave that functions to stimulate cell activity to treat deep tissue injuries and aims to regenerate cells, thereby helping speed up the healing process.
2. Manual Therapy
   Manual therapy is carried out using the physiotherapist’s hands, such as massaging and helping to move the disturbed body. The goal is to improve blood flow, improve the body’s ability to move, relieve pain, and provide relaxation to the body.
3. Exercise Therapy
   Exercise therapy is carried out by providing active and passive body movements to maintain and improve the strength, endurance and ability of the body’s limbs so as to prevent worsening or complaints from appearing again in the future.

Physiotherapy services can be provided at all ages from children to the elderly according to the complaints/conditions/diseases suffered by the patient. Physiotherapy plays a role in treating patients with various conditions, including:

1. Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy
   Physiotherapy which is involved in treating patients with muscle, bone and joint disorders. Examples include muscle, tendon or bone injuries. Pain or stiffness in the limbs (lower back pain, thigh/calf muscle tension, pain in the shoulders and arms).

2. Neuromuscular Physiotherapy
   Physiotherapy which is involved in treating patients with problems with the nervous system. Examples include pain in the shoulder that spreads to the wrist or pain in the lower back that spreads to the foot due to a pinched nerve (HNP), weakness in the lower limbs due to a pinched nerve, foot drop, bell’s palsy and post-stroke recovery.

3. Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy
   Physiotherapy which is engaged in treating patients with complaints/conditions/diseases including heart, lung, and intensive care, through approaches including manual lymphatic drain vein, visceral manipulation, muscle energy therapy, basic cardiac life support, and various exercise therapy both individual and group.

4. Geriatric Physiotherapy
   Physiotherapy which is engaged in treating elderly patients with complaints/conditions of decreased body function such as weakness in the body’s limbs by providing exercise therapy or functional training which aims to maintain the function of the body’s muscle and nervous system so that there is no decline/worse in the future.

5. Sports Physiotherapy
   Physiotherapy which is involved in treating patients/athletes who suffer injuries while playing on the field. Examples include sprains/sprains (Ankle Sprain), shoulder and hand injuries. and knees.